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SUO: Re: IFF LOT Glossary




o~~~~~~~~~o~~~~~~~~~o~~~~~~~~~o~~~~~~~~~o~~~~~~~~~o

Alright, this is what I need.
Let me see if I can stretch
a few neurons from point A
to point B and maybe draw
some maps as I go.

Robert E. Kent wrote:
> 
> Jon,
> 
> Recall that for any function
>     f : A --> B
> from set A to set B, there is a function
>     fib(f) : B --> pow(A)
> called the "fiber of f" which given any element b in B returns the subset
>     fib(f) = {a in A | f(a) = b}
> of all elements of A that map to b. Here, fib(f)(b) is called "the f-fiber over b".

Yes, for a small example, let's say we have the following function f : A -> B.

 0     1     2     3     4     5     6     7     8     9
 o     o     o     o     o     o     o     o     o     o   A
 |      \    |    /       \     \    |     |      \   /
 |       \   |   /         \     \   |     |       \ /
 |        \  |  /           \     \  |     |        \      f
 |         \ | /             \     \ |     |       / \
 v          vvv               v     vv     v      v   v
 o     o     o     o     o     o     o     o     o     o   B
 0     1     2     3     4     5     6     7     8     9

I am used to saying that the inverse relation of f evaluated at b in B,
brutally asciified as (f^(-1))(b), is the "fiber of f at b", so that's
familiar enough, "up to idiom-morphisms".  Gloss fib(f)(b) as f^(-1)(b).

So fib(f) = f^(-1) is the 2-adic relation that is inverse or converse to f.
Well, not exactly, but via the obvious isomorphism, f^(-1) c B x A being
the "same information" as fib(f) : B -> Pow(A).  Reading f backupwards:

 0     1     2     3     4     5     6     7     8     9
 o     o     o     o     o     o     o     o     o     o   A
 ^      ^    ^    ^       ^     ^    ^     ^      ^   ^
 |       \   |   /         \     \   |     |       \ /
 |        \  |  /           \     \  |     |        \      f^(-1)
 |         \ | /             \     \ |     |       / \
 |          \|/               \     \|     |      /   \
 o     o     o     o     o     o     o     o     o     o   B
 0     1     2     3     4     5     6     7     8     9

This becomes fib(f) : B -> Pow(A), which looks like this:

{0}   { } {1,2,3} { }   { }   {4}  {5,6}  {7}   {9}   {8}
 o     o     o     o     o     o     o     o     o     o   Pow(A)
 ^     ^     ^     ^     ^     ^     ^     ^     ^     ^
 |     |     |     |     |     |     |     |     |     |
 |     |     |     |     |     |     |     |     |     |   fib(f)
 |     |     |     |     |     |     |     |     |     |
 |     |     |     |     |     |     |     |     |     |
 o     o     o     o     o     o     o     o     o     o   B
 0     1     2     3     4     5     6     7     8     9

So far so good, but man are my eyes tired.
Will try to work through the rest tomorrow.

Jon

o~~~~~~~~~o~~~~~~~~~o~~~~~~~~~o~~~~~~~~~o~~~~~~~~~o

> We extend this terminology to categories in place of sets and functors in
> place of functions. There is a functor
>     base : Theory --> Language
> from the category of theories to the category of languages.
> Consider the object function
>     obj(base) : obj(Language) --> obj(Theory)
> of the base functor. Given any theory, this returns the underlying base FOL
> language consisting of the sets of relation, function and sort symbols used
> in the axioms and relational arities of the theory. The "base language
> fiber" refers to the "fiber of obj(base)"; that is, to the fiber of the
> function fib(obj(base)). For any language L in obj(Language), this returns
> the subclass
>     fib(obj(base))(L) = {T in obj(Theory) | obj(base)(T) = L}
> of all theories of whose underlying base language is L. Here,
> fib(obj(base))(L), or fib(base)(L) for short, is called "the base fiber over
> L". This is the underlying set of the lattice of theories over L: LOT(L) =
> fib(base)(L).
> 
> The morphic aspect of the base functor also comes into this picture. First
> of all, when the lattice of theories LOT(L) is regarded as part of the
> category of theories, there is a morphism g : T1 --> T2 between two theories
> in LOT(L) precisely when base(g) L --> L is the identity and T1 >= T2 in the
> lattice entailment order (T2 entails any axiom of T1). Secondly, for any
> morphism of languages f : L1 --> L2 in the category of languages, there are
> direct and inverse image functions
>     dir(f) : LOT(L1) --> LOT(L2)
>     inv(f) : LOT(L2) --> LOT(L1)
> that are adjoint monotonic functions. These are important for moving
> theories around, as the following paragraph indicates.
> 
> A *diagram of theories* is the IFF representation for either an "unpopulated
> modular object-level ontology" or a "library of modules". Using the base
> functor, every diagram of theories T has an underlying base diagram of
> languages L = base(T). Take the colimit col(L) of this base diagram. Then
> the colimit of the diagram of theories col(T) is the direct image (flow)
> dir(inj_n) along the base diagram colimit injections followed by the meet in
> LOT(col(L)), the lattice of theories over col(L). Moreover, using the direct
> image (flow) dir(inj_n) moves the theories in T to the lattice of theories
> LOT(col(L)). Also, recall that we defined the notions of "monocosmic" and
> "polycosmic" in terms of the colimit of theories.
> 
> Robert E. Kent
> rekent@ontologos.org
> 
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "Jon Awbrey" <jawbrey@oakland.edu>
> To: "Robert E. Kent" <rekent@ontologos.org>
> Cc: "SUO" <standard-upper-ontology@ieee.org>
> Sent: Thursday, June 26, 2003 12:45 PM
> Subject: Re: IFF LOT Glossary
> 
> > o~~~~~~~~~o~~~~~~~~~o~~~~~~~~~o~~~~~~~~~o~~~~~~~~~o
> >
> > hi robert,
> >
> > could you explain what you mean by "base language fiber".
> > i kind of know what a fiber is in simple situations.
> >
> > thanks,
> >
> > jon
> >
> > o~~~~~~~~~o~~~~~~~~~o~~~~~~~~~o~~~~~~~~~o~~~~~~~~~o
> >
> > Robert E. Kent wrote:
> > >
> > > All,
> > >
> > > I have posted the PDF document "The IFF Glossary
> > > for the Lattice of Theories" at the address:
> > >
> > > http://suo.ieee.org/IFF/LOT-glossary.pdf.
> > >
> > > This graphically illustrates and briefly discusses the core
> > > functionality for both the truth concept lattice and the
> > > lattice of theories, two notions that are equivalent
> > > from the order-theoretic viewpoint.  The lattice of
> > > theories is the base language fiber in the category
> > > of theories, whereas the truth concept lattice is
> > > the base language fiber in the category of
> > > closed theories.
> > >
> > > Please regard this as a mid-range report -- I am
> > > developing a new version of the theory namespace
> > > axiomatization that contains all of this.  This
> > > will offer a baseline axiomatization in the IFF
> > > for the notions of a "lattice of theories" and
> > > a "library of modules".
> > >
> > > As always, all constructive comments are welcomed.
> > >
> > > Robert E. Kent
> > > rekent@ontologos.org
> >
> > o~~~~~~~~~o~~~~~~~~~o~~~~~~~~~o~~~~~~~~~o~~~~~~~~~o
o~~~~~~~~~o~~~~~~~~~o~~~~~~~~~o~~~~~~~~~o~~~~~~~~~o