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Ontology References
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4D Ontology
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Procedures
SUO-KIF
IEEE P1600.1
Standard Upper Ontology Working Group (SUO WG)
References to Ontologies
Standard Upper Ontology Content references
Note that since the SUO effort aims to create a free, public standard, only ontologies which are feely available may be listed here
Ontologies in SUO-KIF
- Suggested Upper Merged Ontology Tecknowledge
- SUO-KIF Formalization of Casati and Varzi's ontology of holes
- SUO-KIF Formalization of John Sowa's upper ontology
- SUO-KIF Formalization of Barry Smith's Formal Theory of Fiat/Bona Fide Boundaries/Objects
- SUO-KIF Formalization of Borgo, Guarino, and Masolo's Formal Theory of Physical Objects
- Core Plan Representation in SUO KIF, Tecknowledge
- David Whitten's structural ontology
Formal ontologies
- Public Cyc upper ontology and KIF version
- Many small ontologies posted on Ontolingua
- DOLCE from Laboratory of Applied Ontology produced as part of the WonderWeb project.
- John Sowa's upper ontology: Sowa, John F., Knowledge Representation: Logical, Philosophical, and Computational Foundations, Brooks Cole Publishing Co., Pacific Grove, Calif., 2000.
- Russell & Norvig's upper ontology: Russell, S., and Norvig, P. (1994), AI: A Modern Approach, Prentice-Hall.
- Allen's temporal logic: Allen, J. F. (1983). Maintaining knowledge about temporal intervals. Communications of the ACM, 26 (11), 832-843. (simple version in KIF and other papers)
- Casati and Varzi, 1995, Holes and Other Superficialities, MIT Press - formal theory from Appendix A (MIT publications site)
- Ontology of Boundaries, Ontology of Niches, Ontology of Geographic Information
- Many papers containing ontologies on Barry Smith's site
- Marty, R., (1990), L'Algebre Des Signes : Essai De Semiotique Scientifique D'Apres Charles Sanders Peirce (Foundations of Semiotics, 24)
- Eric Sandewall, Features and Fluents. For a brief summary of his distinctions, see John Sowa's summary
- The Enterprise Ontology - about 90 very well chosen terms worked on by a group including industry and academia along with some experts in British Standards. This is also formalised in KIF and available via the Stanford Ontolingua server. It has 5 main content areas for organisation, agents, activity, time (based on Allen's temporal relations) (local mirror)
- Plan and activity representations: SPAR (Shared Planning and Activity Representation), Core Plan Representation, NIST PSL (Process Specification Language), Process Interchange Format
- Public Domain Knowledge Bank which has built on top of the public Cyc upper ontology
- pp. 12-14 and the prerequisite definitions from Anne Troelstra's book (_Lectures on Linear Logic_, CSLI, 1992). A useful formalization of linear logic in a Gentzen-style system of inference rules can be found in "Linear Logic and Computation: A Survey" by Andre Scedrov
- Botany knowledge base
Linguistic ontologies/lexicons
- SENSUS
- WordNet
- Generalized Upper Model (in LOOM) and the paper "Ontology construction and Natural Language"
Other standards which may provide terms and relations which can be merged into the SUO
- EPISTLE
- ISO TS 18876:2003 Parts 1&2 Integration of Industrial Data for Exchange Access and Sharing, ISO TC184/SC4 - Industrial Data
- BSR contains about 2800 base concepts and another 1700 "composites" It is cast into both RDF Schema and XML Schema. A BSR Concept may be regarded as equivalent to an XML Schema "Type" and an RDF Schema "Class"; and, a BSR Unit as equivalent to an XML Schema "Element" and an RDF Schema "Property".
- Library classification systems and library of congress
- Terms for semiotics
Domain specific information which could be supported by the SUO
Some ontologies which do not appear to be freely available include Mikrokosmos, UMLS, EDR, and ThoughtTreasure